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	<title>'A Gentle Whisper in Your Ear' &#187; Individual Welfare</title>
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	<description>CJ Walsh - Consultant Architect, Fire Engineer &#38; Technical Controller</description>
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		<title>Sustainable Cities &#8211; The Driver to Forge a &#8216;Creative&#8217; Society ?</title>
		<link>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2010/03/sustainable-cities-the-driver-to-forge-a-creative-society/</link>
		<comments>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2010/03/sustainable-cities-the-driver-to-forge-a-creative-society/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Mar 2010 13:25:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>CJ Walsh</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[built environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[european union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human & social rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human health & safety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[institutional environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtual environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UN OHCHR)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[a complex living system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[a dynamic and harmonious balance between a sustainable 'human' environment and a flourishing 'natural' environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[a large resident population]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[a supporting hinterland of lands]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[a synergetic community capable of providing a high level of social wellbeing for all of its inhabitants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[an interwoven densely constructed core]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Built Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Could Sustainable Cities be that essential driving force which forges a 'Creative' Society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cultivated or 'wrought' landscape]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dr. Craig Barrett - Chair (2005-2009) of Intel Corporation's Board]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[endless amounts of bullshit and hot air]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union (E.U.)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Individual Welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information Society - Knowledge Society - Smart Society - Green Society - European Union's Lisbon Strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ireland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[national competitiveness in the Global Economic Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Our Ultimate Goal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Overall Aim]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Supporting Definitions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability Implementation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Cities - The Driver to Forge a 'Creative' Society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Design Solutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The ethical design response - in built or wrought form - to the concept of Sustainable Human and Social Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[until we are blue in the face]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[waters and other natural resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[What is the Sustainable Urban Environment (City)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[When you hit the bottom of the barrel]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cjwalsh.ie/?p=1196</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Dr. Craig Barrett, Chair (2005-2009) of Intel Corporation&#8217;s Board, recently dropped some sharp home truths onto our frail and sensitive Irish laps &#8230; concerning national competitiveness in the Global Economic Environment.  It was like a breath of fresh air !   And &#8230; how right he was !! Today, however, I want to focus on just [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Dr. Craig Barrett, Chair (2005-2009) of Intel Corporation&#8217;s Board</strong>, recently dropped some sharp home truths onto our frail and sensitive Irish laps &#8230; concerning national competitiveness in the Global Economic Environment.  It was like a breath of fresh air !   And &#8230; how right he was !!</p>
<p>Today, however, I want to focus on just one of his themes &#8230;</p>
<p style="text-align: center; padding-left: 30px;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Quality Education + Quality Research &amp; Development + Facilitating and Fostering Creativity &amp; Innovation in Society</span> </strong></p>
<p>Since the 1990&#8242;s &#8230; we have had to listen to endless amounts of bullshit and hot air &#8230; until we are blue in the face &#8230; about the <strong>Information Society</strong>, the <strong>Knowledge Society</strong>, the <strong>Smart Society</strong>, the <strong>Green Society</strong> [what is 'Green' anyway ?], etc., etc., etc &#8230; and the biggest anti-climax of them all &#8230; the <strong>European Union&#8217;s Lisbon Strategy</strong> &#8230; boring, boring, boring !!!!</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>When you hit the bottom of the barrel, there is only one place to look &#8230; and that&#8217;s up &#8230; with an engaged mind feverishly picturing what&#8217;s around outside !   So &#8230; for one wild moment, let&#8217;s join together some nice ideas &#8230;</p>
<p style="text-align: center; padding-left: 30px;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Could Sustainable Cities be that essential driving force which forges a &#8216;Creative&#8217; Society ???</span> </strong></p>
<p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><strong>What is the Sustainable Urban Environment (City) ?</strong></span>   A geographical region, with open and flexible boundaries, consisting of:</p>
<ul>
<li>An interwoven, densely constructed core (<span style="color: #0000ff;">built environment</span>) ;</li>
<li>A large resident population of more than 500,000 people (<span style="color: #0000ff;">social environment</span>) ;</li>
<li>A supporting hinterland of lands, waters and other natural resources (<span style="color: #0000ff;">cultivated or &#8216;wrought&#8217; landscape</span>) ;</li>
</ul>
<p>And together functioning as &#8230;</p>
<ol>
<li>A complex living system (analogous to, yet different from, other living systems such as ecosystems and organisms) ;    and</li>
<li>A synergetic community capable of providing a high level of individual welfare and social wellbeing for <strong>all</strong> of its inhabitants.</li>
</ol>
<p>Our <strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Ultimate Goal</span></strong> must be to achieve a dynamic and harmonious balance between a sustainable &#8216;human&#8217; environment and a flourishing, not just a surviving, &#8216;natural&#8217; environment &#8230; with the <strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Overall Aim</span></strong> of achieving social wellbeing for all.</p>
<p><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Sustainable Design Solutions</span></strong> must be appropriate to local geography, climate and future climate changes, economy, culture, social need and language(s)/dialect(s).</p>
<p>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Supporting Definitions</span> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Human Environment:</strong>  Anywhere there is, or has been, an intrusion by a human being in the &#8216;natural&#8217; environment.</p>
<p><strong>Built Environment:</strong>  Anywhere there is, or has been, a man-made or wrought (worked) intervention by humans in the &#8216;natural&#8217; environment, e.g. cities, towns, villages, rural settlements, services, transport systems, roads, bridges, tunnels, and cultivated lands, lakes, rivers, coasts, and seas, etc &#8230; including the &#8216;virtual&#8217; environment.</p>
<p><strong>Social Environment:</strong>  The complex network of real and virtual human interaction &#8211; at a communal or larger group level &#8211; which operates for reasons of tradition, culture, business, pleasure, information exchange, institutional organization, legal procedure, governance, human betterment, social progress and spiritual enlightenment, etc.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">The &#8216;social&#8217; environment shapes, binds together, and directs the future development of, the &#8216;built&#8217; (including &#8216;virtual&#8217;) environment.</p>
<p><strong>Economic Environment:</strong>  The intricate web of real and virtual human commercial activity &#8211; operating at micro and macro-economic levels &#8211; which facilitates, supports, but sometimes hampers or disrupts, human interaction in the &#8216;social&#8217; environment.</p>
<p><strong>Virtual Environment:</strong>  A designed environment, electronically-generated from within the &#8216;built&#8217; environment, which may have the appearance, form, functionality and impact &#8211; to the person perceiving and actually experiencing it &#8211; of a real, imagined and/or utopian world.</p>
<p><strong>Human Health:</strong>  A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.  (World Health Organization)</p>
<p><strong>Individual Welfare:</strong>  A person&#8217;s general feeling of health, happiness and fulfilment.</p>
<p><strong>Social Wellbeing:</strong>  A general condition &#8211; in a community, society or culture &#8211; of health, happiness, creativity, responsible fulfilment, and sustainable development.</p>
<p><strong>Sustainable Human &amp; Social Development:</strong>  Development which meets the responsible needs, i.e. the Human &amp; Social Rights<strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">*</span></strong>, of this generation &#8211; without stealing the life and living resources from future generations, especially our children &#8230; and their children.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">*</span></strong>As defined, in International Law, by the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UN OHCHR).</p>
<p><strong>Sustainable Design<span style="color: #ff0000;">*</span>:</strong>  The ethical design response, in built or wrought form, to the concept of Sustainable Human and Social Development.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">*</span></strong>Includes Spatial Planning, Architectural / Engineering / Interior / Industrial Design and e-Design, etc.</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>. </p>
<p><span style="color: #ff0000;">END</span></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Sustainable Globalization &#8211; A Contradiction or a Target ?</title>
		<link>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2009/05/sustainable-globalization-a-contradiction-or-a-target/</link>
		<comments>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2009/05/sustainable-globalization-a-contradiction-or-a-target/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2009 16:16:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[economic environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[institutional environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA['Sustainable Economic Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1987 Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2004 Report of the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization (WCSDG)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[An Effective United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Individual Welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Labour Office (ILO) in Geneva Switzerland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mr. Benjamin Mkapa President of Tanzania]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ms. Tarja Halonen President of Finland]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Wellbeing for All]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability Implementation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Globalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Human & Social Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WCED's Report: Our Common Future]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WCSDG's Report: A Fair Globalization - Creating Opportunities for All]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cjwalsh.ie/?p=615</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Globalization is not just an economic concept &#8230; it is a social reality in the 21st Century &#8230;   In discussions about Sustainable Human &#38; Social Development &#8230; it is the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) and its 1987 (Brundtland) Report: Our Common Future which tends to attract most attention &#8230; that is, if [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Globalization is not just an economic concept &#8230; it is a social reality in the 21st Century &#8230; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">In discussions about <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Sustainable Human &amp; Social Development</strong> &#8230; it is the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) and its 1987 (Brundtland) Report: <strong>Our Common Future</strong> which tends to attract most attention &#8230; that is, if people have gone to the trouble of actually reading the report ! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">However, fast forward to November 2001 &#8230; the <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization (WCSDG)</strong> was created by a decision of the Governing Body of the International Labour Office (ILO), in Geneva, Switzerland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Its brief was to prepare an authoritative report on the social dimension of globalization, including the interaction between the global economy and the world of work. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Later, in February 2002 &#8230; Ms. Tarja Halonen, President of Finland, and Mr. Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania, accepted the ILO Director-General’s invitation to act as Co-Chairs of the Commission. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nineteen other members were appointed from across the world’s regions, with a diversity of backgrounds and expertise. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">The WCSDG&#8217;s Report: <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><a title="Click here to download the 2004 WCSDG Report: A Fair Globalization - Creating Opportunities for All" href="http://www.sustainable-design.ie/sustain/documents.htm" target="_self">A Fair Globalization &#8211; Creating Opportunities for All</a></strong> was published in February 2004. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Before the current dark days of global economic crisis, financial meltdown, consumer spending collapse and spiralling unemployment &#8230; the WCSDG&#8217;s Recommendations might have appeared somewhat radical.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Now, however, they are too tame by far &#8230; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">&#8221; We seek a process of globalization with a strong social dimension based on universally shared values, and respect for human rights and individual dignity; one that is fair, inclusive, democratically governed and provides opportunities and tangible benefits for all countries and people. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">To this end we call for: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">A Focus on People </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">The cornerstone of a fairer globalization lies in meeting the demands of all people for: respect for their rights, cultural identity and autonomy; decent work; and the empowerment of the local communities they live in. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gender equality is essential. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">A Democratic &amp; Effective State </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">The State must have the capability to manage integration into the global economy, and provide social and economic opportunity and security. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Sustainable Development </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">The quest for a fair globalization must be underpinned by the interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars of economic development, social development and environmental protection at the local, national, regional and global levels. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Productive &amp; Equitable Markets </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">This requires sound institutions to promote opportunity and enterprise in a well-functioning market economy. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Fair Rules </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">The rules of the global economy must offer equitable opportunity and access for all countries and recognize the diversity in national capacities and developmental needs. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Globalization with Solidarity </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">There is a shared responsibility to assist countries and people excluded from or disadvantaged by globalization.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Globalization must help to overcome inequality both within and between countries and contribute to the elimination of poverty. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Greater Accountability to People </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Public and private actors at all levels with power to influence the outcomes of globalization must be democratically accountable for the policies they pursue and the actions they take.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>They must deliver on their commitments and use their power with respect for others. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Deeper Partnerships </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Many actors are engaged in the realization of global social and economic goals – international organizations, governments and parliaments, business, labour, civil society and many others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Dialogue and partnership among them is an essential democratic instrument to create a better world. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: -18pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">         </span></span></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">An Effective United Nations </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">A stronger and more efficient multilateral system is the key instrument to create a democratic, legitimate and coherent framework for globalization.&#8221; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Sustainable Economic Development</span></strong><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> means &#8230; Economic Development which is compatible with Sustainable Human &amp; Social Development ! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">That was the easy part &#8230; but try explaining it to economists ?!?! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Sustainable Globalization</span></strong><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> &#8230; much more than an economic concept, but a social reality in our time &#8230; means Globalization which is also compatible with Sustainable Human &amp; Social Development &#8230; each co-existing with the other in harmony and dynamic balance &#8230; and &#8211; <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">together</strong> &#8211; providing a high level of <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Social Wellbeing for All</strong>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Unfortunately &#8230; while economists can readily understand <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Individual Welfare</strong> &#8230; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">a person&#8217;s general feeling of health, happiness and fulfilment </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">&#8230; they are not familiar with the concept of <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Social Wellbeing</strong> &#8230; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">a general condition &#8211; in a community, society or culture &#8211; of health, happiness, creativity, responsible fulfilment, and sustainable development. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE">Please help your local economist ! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10pt;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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		<title>Abu Dhabi as &#8216;Sustainable City&#8217; &#8211; A New Language Required ?</title>
		<link>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2009/03/abu-dhabi-as-sustainable-city-a-new-language-required/</link>
		<comments>http://www.cjwalsh.ie/2009/03/abu-dhabi-as-sustainable-city-a-new-language-required/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2009 23:57:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>CJ Walsh</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[built environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[institutional environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[travel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA['shocked and stunned' - a vivid Dublin expression]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Abu Dhabi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Abu Dhabi as 'Sustainable City']]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Billions of UAE Dirhams (the local currency)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Building Seminar in the World Trade Centre Dubayy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Built Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complex living system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dubayy (Dubai)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Existing City Fabric]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fire Safety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FireOx International]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Individual Welfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Institutional Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sightings of UMO's (Unidentified Moving Objects) ... pedestrians and cyclists]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Wellbeing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability Implementation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Fire Engineering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainable Human & Social Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[synergetic community]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The City]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[the Nightmare that is the 20th Century American City]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[two contrasting cities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urban Rail System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtual environment]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cjwalsh.ie/?p=295</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Recent international attention has been drawn, in a morbid sort of way, to the current economic condition of two contrasting cities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) &#8211; Abu Dhabi and Dubayy (Dubai).   In the month of October, 2008, I was very pleased to travel to both of these cities for the first time [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Recent international attention has been drawn, in a morbid sort of way, to the current economic condition of two contrasting cities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) &#8211; Abu Dhabi and Dubayy (Dubai). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">In the month of October, 2008, I was very pleased to travel to both of these cities for the first time &#8230; with the purpose of introducing the subject of <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Sustainable Fire Engineering</strong> at a Building Seminar in the World Trade Centre, Dubayy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>My host was, and is more so now, convinced that this innovative approach to fire engineering offers a key to future commercial success in the Gulf Region. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Before making my presentation, however, I had spent some essential days wandering around Abu Dhabi &#8230; soaking up the local atmosphere and culture. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Arriving later in Dubayy, I was &#8216;shocked and stunned&#8217; &#8211; a vivid Dublin expression -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>to see that Billions of Dirhams (the local currency) had been spent on re-creating the Nightmare that is the 20th Century American City &#8230; where, if you want to just scratch your nose, you must get into your car &#8211; or one of them at least &#8211; to do so. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">It was tragic to see how the local authorities were trying to &#8216;shoehorn&#8217; an Urban Rail System into the existing City Fabric &#8230; ducking, and weaving in and out, between road overpasses and spaghetti junctions which had only been built in the last 10 years. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Sightings of UMO&#8217;s (Unidentified Moving Objects) &#8230; pedestrians and cyclists &#8230; are extremely rare ! <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>The local summer, by the way, is the only season when it is definitely unhealthy to engage in either activity &#8230; temperatures can regularly reach into the low 50s <sup>o</sup>C. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">People are much smarter in Abu Dhabi &#8211; so I was told.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>They have seen the mistakes which have been made up the road, and they are determined to take a different path with their future development. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">&#8220;How long will it take to transform and re-shape Abu Dhabi into a Sustainable City ?&#8221;</span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">, I was asked. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">In order to answer that question, a new language is required.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Let me introduce you to some of its Technical Terms &#8230; which, even after many years of sweat and toil in SDI, are still being regularly reviewed, revised and updated: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Human Environment &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Anywhere there is, or has been, an intrusion by a human being in the natural environment. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">The Human Environment comprises, and must be taken together as a unified, complex whole: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Social Environment &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">The complex network of real and virtual human interaction – at a communal or larger group level – which operates for reasons of tradition, culture, business, pleasure, information exchange, institutional organization, legal procedure, governance, human betterment, social progress and spiritual enlightenment, etc. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">The Social Environment shapes, binds together, and directs the future development of, the Built (including Virtual) Environment. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Built Environment &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Anywhere there is, or has been, a man-made or wrought (worked) intervention by humans in the natural environment, e.g. cities, towns, villages, rural settlements, services, transport systems, roads, bridges, tunnels, and cultivated lands, lakes, rivers, coasts, seas, etc. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Virtual Environment &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">A designed environment, electronically-generated from within the Built Environment, which may have the appearance, form, functionality and impact &#8211; to the person perceiving and actually experiencing it &#8211; of a real, imagined and/or utopian world. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Long before the present seismic upheavals and sordid revelations &#8230; the intuition of many people around the world had been informed that &#8216;economics&#8217; inhabited its own closed environment &#8230; and operated to entirely different &#8216;rules&#8217; from the rest of us &#8211; mere peasants &#8211; which are anything but open and transparent. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The &#8216;actors&#8217; in this Economic Environment are not accountable. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well &#8230; not yet, anyway ! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Economic Environment &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">The intricate web of real and virtual human commercial activity – operating at micro and macro-economic levels – which facilitates, supports, but sometimes hampers or disrupts, human interaction in the Social Environment. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">And, still under development &#8230; the <strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Institutional Environment</strong>. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Social Wellbeing &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">A general condition &#8211; in a community, society or culture &#8211; of health, happiness, creativity, responsible fulfilment, and sustainable development. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">Individual Welfare &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">A person&#8217;s general feeling of health, happiness and fulfilment. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">And finally for now: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">The City &#8230; </span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">A geographical region, with open and flexible boundaries, consisting of: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">(a) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An interwoven, densely constructed core (built environment) ; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">(b) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A large resident population of more than 500,000 people (social environment) ; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">(c) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A supporting hinterland of lands, waters and other natural resources (cultivated landscape) ; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">together functioning as &#8230; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">(i) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a complex living system (analogous to, yet different from, other living systems such as ecosystems and organisms) ;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">   </span>and </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE">(ii) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a synergetic community capable of providing a high level of individual welfare and social wellbeing for all of its inhabitants. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana;" lang="EN-IE"> </span></p>
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